环境准备
| 说明 | 配置 |
|---|---|
| 系统 | CentOS 7.x系列 |
| CPU | 4核及以上 |
| 内存 | 8G及以上 |
| 机器数量 | 最少两台（一主节点一工作节点） |
安装docker（主节点+工作节点）
- 先安装yml
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
- 设置阿里云镜像
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
- 查看可安装的docker版本
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
- 安装docker
yum -y install docker-ce-20.10.10-3.el7
- 查看docker版本
docker -v
- 配置开机自启动
systemctl enable docker.service
- 启动docker
systemctl start docker
- 查看docker 启动状态
systemctl status docker
配置阿里云镜像源（主节点+工作节点）
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl（主节点+工作节点）
yum install -y kubelet-1.18.0 kubeadm-1.18.0 kubectl-1.18.0
主节点初始化（主节点）
注意：只修改两个地方(master主机【内网IP】，k8s软件版本)
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.2.104 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.18.0 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| –apiserver-advertise-address | 主节点的内网ip地址 |
| –image-repository | 镜像仓库 |
| –kubernetes-version | k8s版本 |
| –service-cidr 和 --pod-network-cidr | 网段不重复即可 |
主节点执行完命令需要执行
注意：每个环境命令有可能不一样，以操作指令的系统为准
添加工作节点
在主节点初始化完成后，会有对应的添加工作节点的命令，以下是教程的指令
kubeadm join 192.168.2.124:6443 --token gzwb0i.ldwvrk4lrnyjr9zr \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:836ebbfa7179a125db9c1de8dbbbdd9cf2328f1054aac7241f6f519e0309d623
执行成功查看节点
kubectl get nodes
状态都是NotReady，需要配置网络插件
安装网络插件(主节点执行)
方式一 （教程使用这个方式，官方改了源，直接使用这个命令）
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/flannel-io/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
方式二 （上传 flannel.yaml ）
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN']
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unsed in CaaSP
rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"cniVersion": "0.2.0",
"name": "cbr0",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- amd64
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: lizhenliang/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: lizhenliang/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
查看节点状态
kubectl get nodes
查看系统pod状态
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
查看k8s集群信息
kubectl cluster-info
查看内部组件
kubectl get pod -A
搭建第一个K8S应用
创建deployment demo-nginx（Pod控制器的一种）
kubectl create deployment demo-nginx --image=nginx:1.23.0
查看deployment和pod
kubectl get deployment,pod,svc
暴露80端口，创建service
kubectl expose deployment demo-nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
访问应用
在浏览器访问, 工作节点开放端口30646，访问工作节点ip：30646（网络安全组记得开放30646端口）
master、node节点访问这个 开放的端口都可以
在master、node节点访问
注意
Minikube的搭建跟用Kubeadm的有一点不一样Kubeadm部署，暴露端口对外服务，会随机选端口，默认范围是30000~32767，可以修改指定
